Phosphoric Acid-assisted Structural Engineering of Wheat Straw-derived Hard Carbon for High-performance Sodium-ion Batteries

Qian Liu; Dandan Ma; Yefeng Feng; Miao He

doi:10.6919/ICJE.202604_12(4).0044

Authors

Qian Liu
Dandan Ma
Yefeng Feng
Miao He

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6919/ICJE.202604_12(4).0044

Keywords:

Sodium-ion Battery; Wheat Straw; Anode Material.

Abstract

This article uses agricultural waste straw as a precursor, first employing phosphoric acid pretreatment to regulate its lignocellulosic structure, and prepared phosphoric acid-treated straw hard carbon (PLHC-P). Structural characterization indicates that PLHC possesses a relatively high number of surface oxygen-containing functional groups and defects, with sodium storage primarily occurring through surface adsorption. Phosphoric acid pretreatment effectively deconstructs the dense lignocellulosic structure of straw, creating a rich porous structure through etching, expanding the interlayer spacing of carbon, and introducing phosphorus doping. After further compositing with asphalt, a stable carbon layer is formed, effectively buffering volume changes, further expanding interlayer spacing, increasing closed pore volume, and forming a denser carbon structure. Electrochemical test results show: PLHC has a reversible capacity of 230 mAh/g at a current density of 20 mA/g; PLHC-P has a capacity of 280 mAh/g under the same conditions, and at a high current density of 300 mA/g, PLHC-P maintains a capacity of 200 mAh/g after 800 cycles.

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