Review on Adhesion Properties of GFRP Reinforced Concrete Bonded with Coal Gangue-Powdered Fly Ash-Mine Slag Ternary Polymer Concrete

Abstract

Tri-element geopolymer concrete prepared from coal gangue, fly ash, and slag composite materials represents a typical low-carbon green cementitious material. Glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) tendons, due to their corrosion resistance, are widely used as alternatives to traditional steel reinforcement. The interfacial bonding performance between these components serves as the core for structural synergy. Based on existing domestic and international literature, this study systematically reviews current research progress from three perspectives: preparation of tri-element geopolymer matrices, interfacial bonding mechanisms between GFRP tendons and matrices, and influencing factors of bonding performance. It summarizes research subjects, experimental methods, key conclusions, and academic viewpoints from various scholars. The review indicates that coal gangue requires thermal and mechanical activation to enhance reactivity, demonstrating significant synergistic reinforcement effects among tri-element solid wastes. The interfacial bonding between GFRP tendons and geopolymer concrete primarily relies on mechanical interlocking forces, which are significantly influenced by matrix strength, tendon surface morphology, protective coatings, stirrups, and high-temperature conditions. Although current research has established a relatively comprehensive understanding of interfacial stress mechanisms, long-term durability and performance evolution under composite environments still require further refinement.