Technologies for Removal of Chlorine Oxyanions from Water
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.6919/ICJE.202604_12(4).0017Keywords:
Drinking Water; Perchlorate; Chlorate; Chlorite; Removal Technology.Abstract
Chlorate, perchlorate, and chlorite have become major challenges in drinking water treatment due to their environmental persistence and biological toxicity. With accelerating industrialization, pollution from these chlorine oxyanions in water bodies is worsening, urgently requiring the development of efficient and sustainable treatment technologies. However, existing technologies face limitations in selectivity, energy consumption, renewability, and large-scale applicability, with no single technology yet capable of comprehensively meeting these demands. This paper reviews multiple technologies including adsorption, membrane separation, ion exchange, biological reduction, chemical reduction, electrochemistry, and bioelectrochemistry. It delves into their mechanisms, influencing factors, and practical applications for removing perchlorate, chlorate, and chlorite. Overall, physicochemical technologies such as adsorption and membrane separation can deliver effective removal results in the short term. However, for long-term applications, electrochemical reduction and biological reduction technologies hold greater potential for development due to their lower energy consumption and simpler operating conditions.
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