Nitrogen-Phosphorus Co-Doped Graphene for Enhanced Flame Retardancy and Smoke Suppression in Asphalt

Xiaomin Ren

doi:10.6919/ICJE.202508_11(8).0016

Authors

Xiaomin Ren

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.6919/ICJE.202508_11(8).0016

Keywords:

Asphalt Modification; Flame Retardant; Smoke Suppression; Nitrogen and Phosphorus Doping.

Abstract

The increasing safety requirements in tunnel engineering have highlighted concerns regarding the flammability and toxic smoke emissions of asphalt materials during tunnel fires. To address these challenges, this study explores the use of graphene-based materials to enhance the flame retardancy and smoke suppression properties of asphalt. Reduced graphene oxide (RGO) was synthesized through an ascorbic acid reduction method and further surface-modified via nitrogen and phosphorus co-doping. The results show that the modified asphalt demonstrates superior flame retardancy and significantly reduces smoke emissions under high-temperature conditions. Compared to conventional flame retardants, the graphene-modified asphalt exhibits exceptional durability and low toxicity, meeting the stringent demands of tunnel and high-temperature environments. Despite these advancements, optimizing the dispersion, high-temperature stability, and durability of graphene in humid and elevated temperature conditions remains a key focus for future research. Further studies will aim to refine graphene production processes, explore the effects of alternative doping elements, and assess the long-term performance of the modified asphalt.

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