Application and Development Prospect of Laser-Arc Hybrid Welding

Abstract

This paper presents a systematic study on laser-arc hybrid welding technology, which was developed to meet the needs of high-end manufacturing transformation. Coupling laser and arc welding to achieve complementary advantages, it originated in the late 1970s and has gone through three development stages, now entering a critical period of dual advancement in technology and industrial application. The paper analyzes its core principle of forming a hybrid heat source via spatiotemporal coupling, explores relevant mechanisms, and sorts out mainstream research directions such as laser-MIG/MAG, each with unique scenario-specific advantages. Boasting high efficiency, stable quality and low cost, this technology has been applied in shipbuilding, engineering machinery and other fields, yielding remarkable results for enterprises worldwide. Currently, it faces challenges like a low localization rate of high-end equipment. Going forward, it will develop toward higher efficiency and intelligence. Efforts are needed to break technical bottlenecks, advance equipment localization, integrate cutting-edge technologies, expand its application fields and support the high-quality development of modern manufacturing.